Sámi culture & history
History, language and traces in the landscape. The Sámi culture is an obvious part of Gällivare. It has been here for a long time, and it is still there today. You notice it in nature, in place names and in how people live and work.
An area in Sápmi
Gällivare is located in Sápmi, the traditional area of the Sámi people that stretches across northern Sweden, Norway, Finland and Russia. The Sámi have lived here for generations.
They have followed the seasons, moved between different lands and adapted to nature. That is still the basis.
Reindeer herding, more than a job
Reindeer herding is a central part of Sámi culture. The reindeer, Boázu in Northern Sámi, is important for both work and tradition.
During the year, the reindeer move between different areas:
- Winter grazing in the forest landscape
- Summer work in the mountains
- Leading migrations between
It requires knowledge of weather, land and animals. And it is something that is passed down between generations. In Gällivare, there are several Sámi villages that work with reindeer herding today. The word "Sámi village" is not a physical place, but an economic association that carries out reindeer herding.
Sámi language in Sweden
Sámi is not a single language, but several. In Sweden mainly spoken:
- Northern Sámi
- Lule Sámi
- South Sámi
In Gällivare, there are mainly Lule Sámi and Northern Sámi. The language is used in everyday life, in reindeer herding and in area names.
Examples of Sámi words
Here are some simple examples:
- Boázu – reindeer
- Duodji – Sámi craft
- Gieddi – meadow or open space
- Jávri – lake
- Várri – mountain
The words often describe nature, which is important in everyday life.
Sámi place names in Gällivare
Many places have names from the Sámi language. For example:
- Gällivare (from Sami Jiellovárre - cracked mountain)
- Dundret (from Sámi duoddar - bare mountain)
- Vassaraälven (from Sámi Váhtjerjåhka)
- Kaitumälven (from Sámi Gáidumjohka)
The names are not random. They describe how the place looks or is used.
Allemänsrätt & reindeer knowledge
The right gives us a unique opportunity to explore and enjoy Sweden's amazing nature. By following these tips, we can together preserve the harmony between the reindeer, the Sámi and nature.
Do not disturb, do not destroy
Sámi culture today
Sámi culture is alive. It is found in:
- Language
- Reindeer herding
- Crafts
- Everyday life
It is developing, but still has a strong connection to nature.
Showing respect
When you are out in Gällivare:
- Keep your distance from reindeer
- Do not disturb reindeer herding work
- Follow local recommendations
It is about showing consideration. Sámi culture is a part of the place with a long history, its own language and clear traces in nature. You don't have to look for it. It is all around you.
.jpg)
